This differs from anxiety which is a response in preparation of a future threat. įear is an emotional response to a current perceived danger.

Those with phobias are more likely to attempt suicide.

The typical onset of a phobia is around 10–17, and rates are lower with increasing age. Women are affected by phobias about twice as often as men. Agoraphobia affects about 1.7% of people. Social phobia affects about 7% of people in the United States and 0.5–2.5% of people in the rest of the world. Specific phobias affect about 6–8% of people in the Western world and 2–4% in Asia, Africa, and Latin America in a given year. Medications used include antidepressants, benzodiazepines, or beta-blockers. Social phobia and agoraphobia may be treated with counseling, medications, or a combination of both. Medications are not helpful for specific phobias.

It is recommended that specific phobias be treated with exposure therapy, in which the person is introduced to the situation or object in question until the fear resolves. Agoraphobia is a fear of a situation due to perceived difficulty or inability to escape. Social phobia is when a person fears a situation due to worries about others judging them. Specific phobias may be caused by a negative experience with the object or situation in early childhood. The most common are fear of spiders, fear of snakes, and fear of heights. Specific phobias are further divided to include certain animals, natural environment, blood or injury, and particular situations. Phobias can be divided into specific phobias, social anxiety disorder, and agoraphobia. Around 75% of those with phobias have multiple phobias. Other symptoms can include fainting, which may occur in blood or injury phobia, and panic attacks, often found in agoraphobia and emetophobia. If the object or situation cannot be avoided, they experience significant distress. Those affected go to great lengths to avoid the situation or object, to a degree greater than the actual danger posed. Phobias typically result in a rapid onset of fear and are usually present for more than six months. Specific phobias, social anxiety disorder, agoraphobia Įxposure therapy, counselling, medication Īntidepressants, benzodiazepines, beta-blockers Ī phobia is an anxiety disorder defined by a persistent and excessive fear of an object or situation. The fear of spiders is one of the most common phobias.

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